Air transportation industry - Business in United States of America

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Air transportation industry: The First Airlines

Air transportation industry: The Civil Aeronautics Board Period

Air transportation industry: Deregulation

Air transportation industry: After September 11, 2001

Definition: Business sector that uses aircraft to transport passengers, cargo, and mail
Significance: One of the leading business sectors in the American economy, the air transportation industry employed nearly half a million people during the early twenty-first century, not including travel agencies, hotels, and car rental companies. In 2004, the average American flew 2.2 times a year.

The Wright brothers flew the first powered airplane in 1903, and World War I demonstrated the airplane’s military potential. In 1919, Deutsche Luft-Reederei (later Lufthansa) began flying passengers between Berlin and Weimar, Germany. The air transportation industry began in the United States in 1925, when Juan T. Trippe and others persuaded Congress to privatize the airmail system. The U.S. Post Office initially granted twelve contracts. Trippe’s company, Colonial Aviation, won the New York-Boston route, but Trippe later lost control of the company. Airplane manufacturer William Boeing received the contract for Chicago-San Francisco and founded the airline that later became United Airlines. Pitcairn Aviation obtained the New York-Atlanta and Atlanta-Miami contracts and later became Eastern Air Lines. A company called Robertson Aviation flew the St. Louis-Chicago route and employed a then-unknown pilot named Charles A. Lindbergh.

Further Reading

• Brown, Peter Harry, and Pat H. Broeske. Howard Hughes: The Untold Story. Cambridge, Mass.: Perseus Books, 1996. The story of Hughes, who was an aviation pioneer and controlled TWA from 1940 to 1959.
• Gittell, Jody Hoffer. The Southwest Airlines Way: Using the Power of Relationships to Achieve High Performance. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2003. Analysis of Southwest’s management techniques in comparison with those of American, United, and Continental.
• Hengi, B. I. Airlines Remembered: Over Two Hundred Airlines of the Past. Leicester, United Kingdom: Midland, 2000. Brief, illustrated histories of two hundred defunct airlines.
• ______. Airlines Worldwide. Leicester, United Kingdom: Midland, 2004. Brief, illustrated histories of 360 airlines still flying as of 2004.
• Love grove, Keith. Airline: Identity, Design, and Culture. New York: teNeues, 2000. Illustrated history of airline uniforms, food, interior design, and logos.
• Newhouse, John. Boeing Versus Airbus: The Inside Story of the Greatest International Competition in Business. New York: Vintage Books, 2007. A history of the air transportation business from the point of view of the two largest aircraft manufacturers of the early twenty-first century.
• Petzinger, Thomas, Jr. Hard Landing: The Epic Contest for Power and Profits That Plunged the Airlines into Chaos. New York: Random House, 1995.Ahistory of the airline industry with emphasis on the period after deregulation.

See also: Air traffic controllers’ strike; Aircraft industry; Airships; DC-3 aircraft; Hotel and motel industry; United States Postal Service; September 11 terrorist attacks; shipping industry; Supersonic jetliners; Tourism industry; U.S. Department of Transportation.